Healthcare Fraud & Abuse Laws
Fraud, waste and abuse pose massive liabilities for federal health care programs. As such, there are federal and state statutes designed to deter and punish healthcare professionals who attempt to exploit the Medicare and Medicaid system.
Federal laws aimed at identifying and prosecuting healthcare fraud include:
The Health Care Fraud Statute – makes it a criminal offense to knowingly execute a scheme to defraud a health care benefit program.
The Anti-Kickback Statute – part of the Social Security Act, this statute prohibits the knowing and willful payment, solicitation, or receipt of any remuneration – in cash or gifts – to induce or “in return for referring an individual for the furnishing or arranging for the furnishing of any item or service for which payment may be made under a Federal health care program”
The Stark Law – prohibits healthcare providers from referring Medicare and Medicaid patients for specific health services to entities with which they have a financial relationship.
The False Claims Act – establishes civil liability for knowingly presenting a fraudulent claim to the government for payment, and making false statements relevant to the fraudulent claim.
The Patient Access and Medicare Protection Act – imposes criminal penalties – up to 10 years in jail and monetary fines – for illegally purchasing or distributing Medicaid, Medicare or Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) beneficiary identification or billing privileges.
The Civil Monetary Penalties Law – imposes civil penalties on providers who submit false claims, provide false or misleading information in regard to patient discharge, violate Medicare assignment provisions, or fail to provide proper medical screening tests in emergency conditions.
Texas is one of several states with aggressive Medicare fraud, waste and abuse laws and anti-kickback statutes, including the Medicaid Fraud Prevention Act passed in 1995. Physicians, therapists, testing laboratories and other medical providers that are accused of healthcare fraud may be held liable for civil and criminal penalties under state and federal statutes.
The Department of Justice has two Medicare Fraud Strike Force teams in Texas, which are equipped to bring prosecutions against suspected perpetrators. A Medicaid fraud investigation, even when wholly unfounded, can tarnish the reputation and future growth of private practices and healthcare organizations.